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Taurine is a semi-essential
sulphur amino acid derived from methionine and cysteine metabolism and
promotes neurological function - neurotransmitter/neuromodulator,
neurotrophin, antioxidant, and osmolyte. Taurine levels are increased
following brain injury and glucocorticoid administration and
demonstrates strong neuroprotection and regeneration following injury
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Neuroprotector effect of a
new taurine derivative,
2-(1-phenylethyl)-aminoethanesulfonyl-2-propylamide hydrochloride has
been studied in rats with model compression spinal cord trauma. The drug
favored restoration of the motor function of posterior extremities in
rats with the model spinal cord trauma and significantly decreased the
lethality in test animals
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The new taurine derivative
normalized the energy metabolism, lipid peroxidation and antioxidant
system in animals with spinal cord trauma
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Taurine administration could
prevent the onset of diabetes mellitus and/or insulin resistance type 1
and 2 diabetes mellitus
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Taurine reverses neurological
and neurovascular deficits in experimental type 2 diabetes
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Liver and brain are the major
organs responsible for taurine synthesis. In both acute and chronic
liver failure - brain taurine concentrations are decreased. Taurine
improves Potassium and Calcium regulation in the brain and nervous
system decreasing the effects of encephalopathy. Taurine concentrations
in cerebrospinal fluid in experimental acute liver failure are increased
early in the progression of encephalopathy and prior to the onset of
cerebral edema, a potentially fatal complication of acute liver failure.
These findings suggest an osmoregulatory role for taurine in brain in
acute liver failure.
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Taurine modulates as an
anti-anxiety agent in the central nervous system
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Taurine supplementation
prevents high-fat diet-induced obesity with increased resting energy
expenditure. Taurine deficiency is associated with obesity and may
create a vicious circle promoting obesity. Dietary taurine
supplementation interrupts this vicious circle and may prevent obesity
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Taurine is
cardio-protective; reduces and prevents the incidence of cardiac
arrhythmias and protects against free radicals damage. Taurine restores
energy and endurance of debilitated cardiac patients
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Taurine
dampens activity of the sympathetic nervous system and dampens
epinephrine release
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Taurine protects against
crush injury to brain and spinal cord (ischemia-reperfusion injury)
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Taurine influences bone
metabolism and promotes production of osteoblasts essential for
non-healing fractures
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Taurine has
platelet-stabilizing and anti-hypertensive effects that reduce coronary
risk and infarction
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Taurine improves exercise
time to exhaustion and maximal workload and enhances the capacity of
exercise due to its cellular protective properties
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In cases of extreme
pancreatitis - histopathologic findings improved significantly after
taurine supplementation
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Elevated taurine levels in
the hippocampus and caudate nucleus promotes recovery and membrane
stabilization after neuronal hyperactivity and seizure activity –
reduces incidence and severity of seizures
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Both taurine and zinc provide
protection of neurons against hypoxic damage
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Taurine protects the
integrity of the hepatic (liver) tissue and proves efficacious as an
antioxidant in tamoxifen-induced hepatotoxicity